Current Developments in Bulk Solids Handling

Title

Copyright

Contents

Preface

A: BELT CONVEYING

A.1 Design Considerations to Reduce the Costs of Conveyor Systems

1 INTRODUCTION

2 BULK SOLID AND CONVEYOR BELT FLEXURE RESISTANCE

3 ROTATING RESISTANCE OF IDLER ROLLS

4 INDENTATION ROLLING RESISTANCE

5 ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS

6 CONCLUSION

7 REFERENCES

A.2 Determination of Rolling Resistance of Belt Conveyors using Rubber Data: Fact or Fiction?

1 INTRODUCTION

2 RECENT SOUTH AFRICAN PROJECTS

3 VISCOELASTICITY

4 RHEOLOGICAL TESTING

5 THE INDENTATION ROLLING RESISTANCE

6 DISCUSSION

7 CONCLUSIONS

8 REFERENCES

A.3 Indentation Rolling Resistance of Steel Cord Conveyor Belts: A Pseudo 3D Viscoelastic Finite Element Analysis

1 INTRODUCTION

2 BACKGROUND

3 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

5 CONCLUSIONS

6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

7 REFERENCES

A.4 The possibilities of decreasing the belt conveyors main drive power demand

1 INTRODUCTION

2 LONG-TERM “IN-SITU” TESTS OF THE SELECTED HIGH CAPACITY BELT CONVEYOR

3 FINAL REMARKS

4 REFERENCES

A.5 Theoretical and Experimental Noise Examinations on the RopeCon System

1 INTRODUCTION

2 SOUND MEASUREMENTS IN FLIRSCH

3 DESIGN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE ROPECON SYSTEM AND STANDARD BELT CONVEYORS

4 NOISE EMISSION OF THE ROPECON SYSTEM IN REGARD TO STANDARD BELT CONVEYORS

A.6 Lay?out Considerations for Multiple Driven Belt Conveyor Systems

1 INTRODUCTION

2 DYNAMIC MODEL

3 TEST CASES

4 SIMULATION RESULTS

5 CONCLUSION

6 REFERENCES

B: PNEUMATIC CONVEYING

B1: Profiling the Dilute Phase Flow Parameters of Large Throughput Coke Suction Cranes – A case study

1 INTRODUCTION

2 CURRENT CONVEYING SYSTEM

3 PROPOSED NOZZLE AND INNER PIPE ANALYSIS

4 NOMENCLATURE

5 REFERENCES

B.2 Horizontal dense-phase pneumatic conveying of bulk solids

1 INTRODUCTION

2 MATERIAL AND METHOD

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4 CONCLUSION

5 NOMENCLATURE

6 REFERENCES

B.3 Investigations on single slugs to explain high pressure loss by horizontal dense-phase pneumatic conveying

1 INTRODUCTION

2 TEST MATERIAL AND CONVEYING EQUIPMENT

3 PRESSURE LOSS

4 INVESTIGATIONS ON SINGLE SLUGS

5 CONCLUSION

6 NOMENCLATURE

7 REFERENCES

B.4 On the Modelling of Pressure Drop for the Dense-Phase Pneumatic Conveying of Powders

1 INTRODUCTION

2 EXPERIMENTAL

3 “STRAIGHT PIPE” PNEUMATIC CONVEYING CHARACTERISTICS

4 MODELLING SOLIDS FRICTION FACTOR USING STRAIGHT PIPE DATA

5 SCALE-UP EVALUATION OF MODELS DERIVED USING STRAIGHT PIPE DATA

6 MODELLING SOLIDS FRICTION FACTOR BY “BACK CALCULATION” METHOD

7 SCALE-UP EVALUATION OF MODELS DERIVED USING “BACK CALCULATION” METHOD

8 CONCLUSION

9 NOMENCLATURE

10 REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

B.5 Pneumatic Conveying System Design - How good is Your Computer Aided Design Program

1 INTRODUCTION

2 CONVEYING MODE

3 MATERIAL TYPE

4 MATERIAL GRADE

5 PIPELINE BEND GEOMETRY

6 MATERIAL DEGRATION

7 CONVEYING PIPELINE MATERIAL

8 CONCLUSIONS

9 REFERENCES

B.6 Power requirements for pneumatic conveying systems

1 INTRODUCTION

2 POWER PRODUCTION

3 SPECIFIC ENERGY

4 INFLUENCE OF PIPELINE BORE

5 STEPPED BORE PIPELINES

6 CONCLUSIONS

7 REFERENCES

C: SILO AND DRY BULK TERMINAL TECHNOLOGY

C.1 Experimental and design loads ofpressure of bulk materials against silo wall

1 INTRODUCTION

2 ACTING LOADS ON SILO

3 MEASURING THE LOADS

4 RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS

5 CHARACTERISTIC AND DESIGN LOADS, COINCIDENCE OF LOADS

6 DETERMINATION OF SAFETY FOR THE SILO STRUCTURE

7 CONCLUSIONS

8 REFERENCES

C.2 Cylindrical corrugated steel silos in Brazil: failure modes

1 INTRODUCTION

2 PROBLEMS WITH CYLINDRICAL METAL SILOS

3 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

C.3: Avoiding and Curing Hopper Problems

1 INTRODUCTION

2 ENABLING HOPPER FLOW

3 HOPPER INSERTS

4 GRAVITY FLOW

5 HOPPER DESIGN ASPECTS

REFERENCES

C.4 Modern Coal Storage - A Safe and Efficient Storage Solution

1 INTRODUCTION

2 SILO OPERATION

3 THE MAIN CRITERIA IN DECIDING WHETHER TO USE SILO STORAGE FOR COAL

4 HELSINKI PROJECT

C.5 Open versus closed storage on bulk terminals

1 INTRODUCTION

2 DRY BULK TERMINALS

3 STORAGE ON TERMINALS

4 CLOSED STORAGE FACILITIES

5 CLOSED STORAGE ON BULK TERMINALS: ACHIEVABLE?

6 REFERENCES

C.6 Modern Dry Bulk Terminal Design

1 INTRODUCTION – A TYPICALBULK TERMINAL

2. TERMINAL EXPANSION OR REDESIGN

3 DISCRETE EVENT SIMULATION AS A MODERN DESIGN TOOL

4 NEW APPROACHES TO TERMINAL MAINTENANCE

5 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

6 CONCLUSIONS

7 REFERENCES

D: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

D.1: Environmental Management Accounting a sa selection tool for storage systems

1 INTRODUCTION

2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

3 USING EMA

4 CASE

5 RESULT OF THE CASE STUDY

6 DISCUSSION

7 REFERENCES

D.2 Reducing Dust Emissions from Ship Holds During Loading of Bulk Materials

1 INTRODUCTION

2 GRAIN LOADING PROJECT

3 ILMENITE LOADING PROJECT

4 CONCLUSIONS

5 REFERENCES

D.3 Dust Explosion Protection using Flameless Venting

1 INTRODUCTION

2 FLAMELESS VENTING DEVICES

3 FLAMELESS VENTING TESTING AND CERTIFICATION

4 FLAMELESS VENTING SYSTEM DESIGN

5 EXAMPLES

6 CONCLUSION

7 REFERENCES

D.4 Noise Reduction of Nozzles by use of Adequate Geometries

1 INTRODUCTION

2 ACCOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS ON AIR NOZZLES

3 RESULTS FROM THE CONDUCTED TESTS

4 DEPENDENCY OF NOZZLE GEOMETRY ON NOISE EMMISIONS

5 CONCLUSION

D.5 Determination of the Dustiness Characteristics of Bulk Solids Through the Use of Experimental Procedures and Test Apparatus

1 INTRODUCTION

2 DUST EXTINCTION MOISTURE LEVEL

3. MATERIAL SAMPLE PREPARATION AND WIND TUNNEL TEST PROCEDURE

4. WIND TUNNEL TEST APPARATUS

5. BULK MATERIALS OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT

6 CHEMICAL VENEER SURFACE TREATMENT

7 CONCLUSION

8 REFERENCES

D.6 Continuous particulate emission monitors for industrial processes

1 INTRODUCTION

2 REGULATIONS

3 HOW TO MONITOR?

4 WHY MONITOR?

5 CONCLUSION